Konstantin Noveselov Andre Geim and are the winners of the Nobel Prize for Physics 2010, the premium assigned to him for the discovery of graphene. Graphene is a basic substance carbon with a hexagonal atomic arrangement.
Its special feature is that has only one atom thick , so it is almost nil.
The initial element are crystals of graphite, which are then treated with acids, rust and peeling until you try to graphene with carboxylic groups at the edges. The first experiments were applied in 2004 with the creation of a transistor, but the award came just six years later.
Directly from wikipedia:
The official definition given by IUPAC of graphene is as follows:
"A single layer of carbon atoms arranged according to the graphite structure can be considered as the final element of the series of naphthalene, anthracene, coronene etc.. graphene and the word must be used to indicate the layers within each of the compounds of carbon graphite. The term "layer graphene" is commonly used in the terminology of the carbon. "
finally arrive at the most important uses, which as can be expected from its derivation from the graphite is a good electrical conductor, and since it's" non-depth "can be used as thin sheets that would be invisible if put profile.
Also, thanks to its incredible depth, if placed in layers and connected, can reach an unprecedented level of conductivity, which would be perfect for building computer circuits and a new generation.
In fact, IBM, which was also the manufacturer that has most interested in this new discovery, has achieved 100 GHz processor by , and those who know a little 'computer knows what it means.
In practice, it would reach 100 billion of "calculations per second, and if you want a comparison just think that the processors of the home PC" run "to 1.33 GHz, then of course depends on the type.
This allows for ultra-fast computers, scharmi flexible screens with no thickness and so on ...
Who knows, in future you may only use the graphene instead of silicon!
AF
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